When the
prophet was alive and controlled the Islamic government of his
time, he did not appoint Banu-Umayya on key positions of his
government; meanwhile, it was during Umar b, al-khattab time
which the first political responsibility was given to one of Abu
Sufyan’s son; Umar appointed Yazid, b Abu Sufyan, Muawiya’s
brother, as the governor of Sham (Damascus) and after him,
Mu’awiya took the power in Syria. These two brothers ruled over
a great part of Muslim empire then, (Syria, Turkey, Lebanon,
Palestine). During these years Banu-Umayya got a more vigorous
and fixed position. They were also appointed as the governors of
the most important cities then, such as Kufa, Basra, and Egypt.
Uthman, the 3rd caliph selected Marwan, his
son-in-law, as his prime minister. Marwan was against Islam all
the time.
Muawiya, solidified his own position since he was dreaming
“becoming caliph”. He, at least benefited from two important
elements; (1) political power, (2) economic power. When Uthman,
the caliph, was killed, Muawiya achieved his third element of
power; he proclaimed the caliph’s killing and encouraged people
to join him to take revenge.
Ali (A.) and his sons tried their best to prevent Uthman’s death
but they were not able to do so: Muawiya did not help Othman on
time and waited for his death and then appeared on the scene and
pleaded people’s sentiment through shedding crocodile tears.
After Ali’s martyrdom by the Kharijite Ibn Muljam, Muawiya
allowed himself to be the sole caliph of the Muslim world then.
He was empowered with his forth element of power; the employment
of some superficial and shallow clergies such as Abu Hurayra.
These people counterfeited traditions (Hadith) to manipulate
people. They damned Ali in mosques and this so-called innovation
was widespreadly employed in Madrasa (Kuttab) to deviate Ali’s
role in Islam an also to deviate Islam itself.
Muawyia seduced the opponent clergies and in case of their
resistance, he killed them. (like Hujr b. Adi al-kindi and Amr
b. Hamd). Muawiya continued his destructive actions against Ali
and his family so vigorously that they remained and were
established as false traditions in the Islamic worlds.
He constructed a great Madrasa in Damscus, the capital of the
Umayye caliphate, and apparently started isuuing and developing
Islam, but the fact was that he pretended Islam and had employed
Islamic teaching and training to deceive people; as he
successfully did it during his time: He had developed a very big
propaganda machine to expand the counterfeited and faked
traditions, poetry, …etc. to solidify his own government. The
methods he made use of, were mostly followed by his successors
to suppress and crush the dissent.
